Short Description: An Open-Access, Peer-Reviewed, Google Scholar indexed, Cabells WHITE-LISTED journal, publishing scholarly articles in Biology, Medicine, Agriculture & Allied Sciences.
E-ISSN: 2378-654X
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Publisher: HATASO - SynergyGlobal
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10.18639/RABM.2025.9800044
Toxicology and Pharmacology
Jun 02, 2025
This paper explores the growth of biological medicine in the South African pharmaceutical sector for the period 2019 to 2023. The study analysis revenue trends over time and investigates challenges experienced and suggests possible solutions. Results show that small-molecules and biologicals follow a similar pattern with a major peak in 2021 and a decline thereafter, with total revenue for small molecules much higher than for biologicals over these years. Biologicals generally had growth through 2021, then experienced a significant decline in sales and growth in the following years. To promote the growth of biological medicines in South Africa, it is vital to streamline regulatory frameworks for quicker approval of biologicals and biosimilars while ensuring safety and efficacy. Implementing affordable pricing strategies and fostering collaboration between public entities, pharmaceutical companies, and insurers will enhance reimbursement policies. Additionally, increasing educational initiatives for healthcare providers will improve awareness and prescribing practices. Investing in local manufacturing can reduce costs and create jobs, while raising awareness of biosimilars as cost-effective alternatives will further boost their adoption and accessibility.
10.18639/RABM.2025.9800043
Conference Proceedings
Feb 27, 2025
Proceedings of the National Conference on “Advances in Biological Sciences: Molecules to Organisms", organized by the Department of Zoology, AMU, Aligarh, India, from December 28 to 29, 2024.
10.18639/RABM.2025.9800042
Microbiology and Immunology
Feb 15, 2025
This study investigated the enzymatic activities of proteases, DNases, and hemolysins across five clinically relevant bacterial strains: Among the various bacterial species in the contaminated foods and drinks, the most common are – E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, S. pyogenes, and B. cereus. Protease activity was analyzed using casein solution to evaluate the relative optical density, while DNase activity was determined on DNase agar plates, observing the clear zones on the agar media, and hemolysin activity was checked on blood agar plates. The contention here is that the mean diameter of clear zones was determined for die strains and we prevailed to analyze the differences in die enzymatic activities. Our findings also highlighted differences in the bacterial strains studied with regard to a number of factors including protease, DNase and haemolytic activity: P. aeruginosa displayed the highest protease activity while S. aureus and B. cereus were observed to have high DNase activity while S. pyogenes displayed the highest haemolytic activity. The protease and DNase parameters were further analyzed by means of correlation coefficients, and the results revealed a linear correlation between the two at +0.983; however, the hemolysin activity was not directly related to either protease or DNase. Altogether the current observations offer perspectives regarding the numerous strategies that bacteria have adapted in infecting host tissues and producing damage, as well as the significance of studying enzymatic processes in an effort to develop specific pharmacological treatments.
